Mechanical Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Maths

Fantastic Math Tricks

Multiply Up to 20X20 In Your Head
In just FIVE minutes you should learn to quickly multiply up to 20x20 in your head. With this trick, you will be able to multiply any two numbers from 11 to 19 in your head quickly, without the use of a calculator.
I will assume that you know your multiplication table reasonably well up to 10x10.
Try this:
• Take 15 x 13 for an example.
• Always place the larger number of the two on top in your mind.
• Then draw the shape of Africa mentally so it covers the 15 and the 3 from the 13 below. Those covered numbers are all you need.
• First add 15 + 3 = 18
• Add a zero behind it (multiply by 10) to get 180.
• Multiply the covered lower 3 x the single digit above it the "5" (3x5= 15)
• Add 180 + 15 = 195.
That is It! Wasn't that easy? Practice it on paper first!------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The 11 Rule
You likely all know the 10 rule (to multiply by 10, just add a 0 behind the number) but do you know the 11 rule? It is as easy! You should be able to do this one in your head for any two digit number. Practice it on paper first!
To multiply any two digit number by 11:
• For this example we will use 54.
• Separate the two digits in your mind (5__4).
• Notice the hole between them!
• Add the 5 and the 4 together (5+4=9)
• Put the resulting 9 in the hole 594. That's it! 11 x 54=594
The only thing tricky to remember is that if the result of the addition is greater than 9, you only put the "ones" digit in the hole and carry the "tens" digit from the addition. For example 11 x 57 ... 5__7 ... 5+7=12 ... put the 2 in the hole and add the 1 from the 12 to the 5 in to get 6 for a result of 627 ... 11 x 57 = 627
Practice it on paper first!
------------------------------------------------------
The 11 Rule Expanded
You can directly write down the answer to any number multiplied by 11.
• Take for example the number 51236 X 11.
• First, write down the number with a zero in front of it.
051236
The zero is necessary so that the rules are simpler.
• Draw a line under the number.
• Bear with me on this one. It is simple if you work through it slowly. To do this, all you have to do this is "Add the neighbor". Look at the 6 in the "units" position of the number. Since there is no number to the right of it, you can't add to its "neighbor" so just write down 6 below the 6 in the units col.
• For the "tens" place, add the 3 to the its "neighbor" (the 6). Write the answer: 9 below the 3.
• For the "hundreds" place, add the 2 to the its "neighbor" (the 3). Write the answer: 5 below the 2.
• For the "thousands" place, add the 1 to the its "neighbor" (the 2). Write the answer: 3 below the 1.
• For the "ten-thousands" place, add the 5 to the its "neighbor" (the 1). Write the answer: 6 below the 5.
• For the "hundred-thousand" place, add the 0 to the its "neighbor" (the 5). Write the answer: 5 below the 0.
That's it ... 11 X 051236 = 563596
Practice it on paper first!-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Shortcuts

Keyboard shortcuts for Windows

Windows system key combinations
•F1: Help
•CTRL+ESC: Open Start menu
•ALT+TAB: Switch between open programs
•ALT+F4: Quit program
•SHIFT+DELETE: Delete item permanently
•Windows Logo+L: Lock the computer (without using CTRL+ALT+DELETE

Windows program key combinations
•CTRL+C: Copy
•CTRL+X: Cut
•CTRL+V: Paste
•CTRL+Z: Undo
•CTRL+B: Bold
•CTRL+U: Underline
•CTRL+I: Italic
Mouse click/keyboard modifier combinations for shell objects
•SHIFT+right click: Displays a shortcut menu containing alternative commands
•SHIFT+double click: Runs the alternate default command (the second item on the menu)
•ALT+double click: Displays properties
•SHIFT+DELETE: Deletes an item immediately without placing it in the Recycle Bin
General keyboard-only commands
•F1: Starts Windows Help
•F10: Activates menu bar options
•SHIFT+F10 Opens a shortcut menu for the selected item (this is the same as right-clicking an object
•CTRL+ESC: Opens the Start menu (use the ARROW keys to select an item)
•CTRL+ESC or ESC: Selects the Start button (press TAB to select the taskbar, or press SHIFT+F10 for a context menu)
•CTRL+SHIFT+ESC: Opens Windows Task Manager
•ALT+DOWN ARROW: Opens a drop-down list box
•ALT+TAB: Switch to another running program (hold down the ALT key and then press the TAB key to view the task-switching window)
•SHIFT: Press and hold down the SHIFT key while you insert a CD-ROM to bypass the automatic-run feature
•ALT+SPACE: Displays the main window's System menu (from the System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the window)
•ALT+- (ALT+hyphen): Displays the Multiple Document Interface (MDI) child window's System menu (from the MDI child window's System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the child window)
•CTRL+TAB: Switch to the next child window of a Multiple Document Interface (MDI) program
•ALT+underlined letter in menu: Opens the menu
•ALT+F4: Closes the current window
•CTRL+F4: Closes the current Multiple Document Interface (MDI) window
•ALT+F6: Switch between multiple windows in the same program (for example, when the Notepad Find dialog box is displayed, ALT+F6 switches between the Find dialog box and the main Notepad window)

Shell objects and general folder/Windows Explorer shortcuts
For a selected object:
•F2: Rename object
•F3: Find all files
•CTRL+X: Cut
•CTRL+C: Copy
•CTRL+V: Paste
•SHIFT+DELETE: Delete selection immediately, without moving the item to the Recycle Bin
•ALT+ENTER: Open the properties for the selected object

To copy a file
Press and hold down the CTRL key while you drag the file to another folder.
To create a shortcut
Press and hold down CTRL+SHIFT while you drag a file to the desktop or a folder

General folder/shortcut control
•F4: Selects the Go To A Different Folder box and moves down the entries in the box (if the toolbar is active in Windows Explorer)
•F5: Refreshes the current window.
•F6: Moves among panes in Windows Explorer
•CTRL+G: Opens the Go To Folder tool (in Windows 95 Windows Explorer only)
•CTRL+Z: Undo the last command
•CTRL+A: Select all the items in the current window
•BACKSPACE: Switch to the parent folder
•SHIFT+click+Close button: For folders, close the current folder plus all parent folders

Windows Explorer tree control
•Numeric Keypad *: Expands everything under the current selection
•Numeric Keypad +: Expands the current selection
•Numeric Keypad -: Collapses the current selection.
•RIGHT ARROW: Expands the current selection if it is not expanded, otherwise goes to the first child
•LEFT ARROW: Collapses the current selection if it is expanded, otherwise goes to the parent

Properties control
•CTRL+TAB/CTRL+SHIFT+TAB: Move through the property tabs

Accessibility shortcuts
•Press SHIFT five times: Toggles StickyKeys on and off
•Press down and hold the right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Toggles FilterKeys on and off
•Press down and hold the NUM LOCK key for five seconds: Toggles ToggleKeys on and off
•Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK: Toggles MouseKeys on and off
•Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN: Toggles high contrast on and off

Microsoft Natural Keyboard keys
•Windows Logo: Start menu
•Windows Logo+R: Run dialog box
•Windows Logo+M: Minimize all
•SHIFT+Windows Logo+M: Undo minimize all
•Windows Logo+F1: Help
•Windows Logo+E: Windows Explorer
•Windows Logo+F: Find files or folders
•Windows Logo+D: Minimizes all open windows and displays the desktop
•CTRL+Windows Logo+F: Find computer
•CTRL+Windows Logo+TAB: Moves focus from Start, to the Quick Launch toolbar, to the system tray (use RIGHT ARROW or LEFT ARROW to move focus to items on the Quick Launch toolbar and the system tray)
•Windows Logo+TAB: Cycle through taskbar buttons
•Windows Logo+Break: System Properties dialog box
•Application key: Displays a shortcut menu for the selected item

Microsoft Natural Keyboard with IntelliType software installed•Windows Logo+L: Log off Windows
•Windows Logo+P: Starts Print Manager
•Windows Logo+C: Opens Control Panel
•Windows Logo+V: Starts Clipboard
•Windows Logo+K: Opens Keyboard Properties dialog box
•Windows Logo+I: Opens Mouse Properties dialog box
•Windows Logo+A: Starts Accessibility Options (if installed)
•Windows Logo+SPACEBAR: Displays the list of Microsoft IntelliType shortcut keys
•Windows Logo+S: Toggles CAPS LOCK on and off

Dialog box keyboard commands
•TAB: Move to the next control in the dialog box
•SHIFT+TAB: Move to the previous control in the dialog box
•SPACEBAR: If the current control is a button, this clicks the button. If the current control is a check box, this toggles the check box. If the current control is an option, this selects the option.
•ENTER: Equivalent to clicking the selected button (the button with the outline)
•ESC: Equivalent to clicking the Cancel button
•ALT+underlined letter in dialog box item: Move to the corresponding item

CAD Management

CAD Management: Horrible Bosses

The “In Your Face” BossThese bosses are like military drill sergeants—constantly in your face about how you messed up. I had a boss like this. He would actually review some drawings that I was working on and crumple my work right in front of me, then throw it in the trash. He would then look at me and say “Nice try.” He gave very little feedback on what the exact problem was with my work. He would make statements such as, “You should know what was wrong” or “If you can’t tell what was wrong with that, you may not be working here very long.” I was left with no indication of what I needed to work on or what needed to be fixed.

The “Not on My Watch” Boss
Some bosses will not permit any change, even a positive one, they did not initiate. Or, worse, they will take your idea and make it theirs. I have seen many bosses fail to give credit for ideas to those who generated them. There must be some fear in their minds that the subordinate will look better and they will somehow be lessened in the minds of those who appreciate initiative.

The “Take my Failures” Boss
Some bosses do not have the stomach for failure. When they sense something is not going to work out, they pass it on to a subordinate to manage. This prevents them from appearing to have failed. The unfortunate subordinate, who has little choice but to accept the failing projects, is saddled with them going forward. Some bosses may just keep the projects that they perceive as winners and unknowingly pass on the troubled issues to others. Of course, sometimes when the boss has passed on what he thinks is a loser and it becomes a winner, he attempts to steal the success from others.

The “I Will Do That for You” Boss
Opposed to the Take my Failures boss is the one who takes everything on their own shoulders. They refuse to delegate anything. It seems as if they are not only failing to delegate, but are actually taking over areas that are not theirs. I have seen bosses who take on communication efforts for progress and solutions. They want to be the one telling others what has been achieved or making sure that all input travels through them. When you mention that you need a piece of info and are seeking to talk to someone, they step in and say that they will do it for you. They seem to protect the flow of information in and out of the team so that they are, in effect, the clearinghouse of all knowledge.

The “Insulting” BossSome bosses tend to overuse negative incentives. This type of boss uses insults as a motivational technique. You may hear statements such as, “I thought you knew what you were doing” or “What we need around here is a real _________” (fill in your title). When there is glory to be received by completing a task, they are all over it. When there are political gains to be made by stepping into the information stream, they will do that. They seem to have a problem empowering others.

The “Tyrant” Boss“My way or the highway” could be the wording that is behind many of the edicts that this type of boss puts forward. They seem to constantly make modifications to processes and procedures—if for no other reason than to show everyone that they are the boss. There are even times when they demand that you perform in a specific manner without giving any reasons (or adequate reasons). They just seem to always want it done their way.

The “It Was Your Fault” BossThis kind of boss takes all the glory and passes on all the blame. They are quick to yell at you for making a mistake, but always seem to overlook their own shortcomings. When someone is not happy with an outcome or a bump in the road, they tend to make it look as if you should have seen it coming and prevented it. When praise is given, they tend to forget who actually did the work. They might not take the credit, but they also won’t offer up your name as the person who got it done

Author
Mark Kiker

Excellence

ExcellenceA German once visited a temple under construction where he saw a sculptor making an idol of God. Suddenly he noticed a similar idol lying nearby. Surprised, he asked the sculptor, "Do you need two statues of the same idol?" "No," said the sculptor without looking up, "We need only one, but the first
one got damaged at the last stage." The gentleman examined the idol and found no apparent damage. "Where is the damage?" he asked. "There is a scratch on the nose of the idol." said the sculptor, still busy with his work. "Where are you going to install the idol?"


The sculptor replied that it would be installed on a pillar twenty feet high. "If the idol is that far, who is going to know that there is a scratch on the nose?" the gentleman asked. The sculptor stopped work, looked up at the gentleman, smiled and said, "I will know it."

The desire to excel is exclusive of the fact whether someone else appreciates it or not. "Excellence" is a drive from inside, not outside. Excellence is not for someone else to notice but for your own satisfaction and efficiency...

CAD Building Services (HVAC,PLUMBING,ELECTRICAL)

CAD Building Services (HVAC,PLUMBING,ELECTRICAL)
CAD conversionHand-drawn sketches , design concepts, Gif or Jpeg files, PDF files, images, scanned photos, revit files, other electronic files , and paper drawings are convert into cad format (2D or 3D)
3D Model3D MEP modeling is a creation of 3dimensional parametric object in specified software .
(To demonstrate the layout and connections inside the buildings in 3D geometry)4D ModelIn 4D modeling added fourth element of time with 3D model providing better control on project schedules and activities.
(show the scheduling of various activities along with their criticality and slack periods)
BIM ModelBIM (Building Information Modeling) is a digital representation of the building process to facilitate exchange and interoperability of information in digital format.”
BIM Makes a reliable digital representation of the MEP
BIM has been promoted for:
design decision making,
high-quality construction document production,
construction planning,
performance predictions,
and cost estimates.
Having the ability to keep information up-to-date and accessible in an integrated digital environment gives architects, engineers, builders, and owners a clear overall vision of all their projects,
as well as the ability to make informed decisions faster.

Coordination drawingCo-ordination drawings showing details of work across the various trades - with horizontal and vertical dimensions to avoid interference with structural framing, ceilings, partitions, equipment, lights, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, conveying systems, and other services
All co-ordination drawings are checked for conflict.
Shop drawing/Fabrication DrawingThese shop drawings provide important information about measures and specifications of pre-fabricated components.
Pre-fabricated components are building components that are to be used or to be utilized in building
it include dimension specifications and measurements

The fabrication drawing generally includes what amount of component should be used and will be identified with reference number
BOM (Bill of Materials)components, parts and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product
Means - provides the manufacturer's part number and the quantity needed for each Service or each zone .Spool drawing (piping)spool drawings are assembly drawings providing detailed manufacturing and fabrication information for each unique "spool" piece.
Spool drawings include dimensions and angles, a bill of materials, and manufacturing information.
provide the following pieces of information-
1. 2-D or isometric view of the spool piece to provide enough detail for manufacturing. Sections are provided where necessary
2.A bill of materials for fabrication
3.Field installation information, such as a line tag number and field tie-in numbers
4.Recommended support spacing
Sleeve DrawingCoordinated Sleeve Drawings, showing all Duct and Pipe Penetrations through Slabs, and walls. Complete description of all penetrations, showing size of Duct/Pipe, plus opening size to accommodate pipe, with or without insulation
Builders work DrawingAfter preparation of the individual service drawings of different services (like HVAC, Plumbing, Fire fighting, etc.)A combined service drawing is prepared and we have to prepare builders work drawings.
In builders work drawings we show details for equipments to be installed in given area for all services.
Builder’s work contains different types of slab openings and foundations for different services
As -built Drawing
As-built drawings are the final set of drawings produced at the completion of a construction project. They include all the changes that have been made to the original construction drawings, including notes, modifications, and any other information that the builder decides should be included.
As built drawings are considered an essential part of the building industry. Such drawings are crucial when it comes to any alterations or refurbishments to be planned for a building.


Advenser Engineering Services Pvt. Ltd.
CSEZ, Kakkanad, Cochin/Kochi, Kerala, India.
Ph: +91 484 6491366, Cell: +91 944 725 1177
http://www.advenser.com/

Happy Engineers’ Day

In India, Engineer’s day is celebrated on September 15. This day is celebrated in the honor of Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (1861-1962), who was a notable Indian engineer, scholar, statesman and the Diwan of Mysore during 1912 to 1919. Internationally recognized for his genius in harnessing water resources, he was responsible for successful design and construction of several river dams, bridges and implementing irrigation and drinking water schemes all over India.

He served as the dewan of Mysore State and was considered to be the architect of the all-round development of Karnataka. Among his most successful projects are the design and construction of the K.R. Sagar dam and its adjoining Brindavan Gardens, turn-around of the Bhadravati Iron and Steel Works, setting up of the Mysore Sandalwood Oil Factory and the founding of the Bank of Mysore.
The Engineering Community across India is celebrating Engineers Day every year. If we ask the date of celebrations to Engineering students they may kill them by asking…Engineers Day, what?..we don’t hear etc. We can't find any fault in these Engineering students behavior. Because a most percentage of colleges never celebrate this occasion. So talented students are unaware of these celebrations. Engineers’ Day is celebrated on 15 September every year.The day is the birthday of Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvarayya, an eminent Indian engineer (from College Of Engg., Pune(COEP)) and statesman born in Muddenahalli-Kanivenarayanapura in present day Karnataka. He served as the chief engineer during construction of Krishna Raja Sagara on the Kaveri River near Mysore. He also built many dams in the Bombay presidency (present day Maharashtra). The dams built by him are still functional even today, a testimony to his brilliance, skill, honesty and dedication. So 15 September, Engineer’s Day 2011, is quite a remarkable tribute to the greatest Indian Engineer Bharat Ratna M. Visvesvarayya.